In 2018, out of a total of 270 516 mathematics writers, 37% passed with 40% and above. And those who start university and come in with a National Senior Certificate mathematics mark of 90% and above are more likely to pass a university course, usually with an average mean of 64%, if they're lucky. So although strengthening the pool of students will require efforts at primary and secondary level, the onus for growing the pool of qualified graduates lies with higher education.